Application of Performance-Based Funding and Resource Model for Open and Distance Learning Programmes in Rivers State Tertiary Institutions

Abstract

Open and Distance Learning (ODL) has increasingly become a critical pathway for expanding access to tertiary education in Nigeria, yet its effectiveness depends largely on the availability of adequate funding systems and structured resource allocation models that respond to its unique technological and pedagogical demands. This study examined the application of performance-based funding and resource allocation models for ODL programme in Rivers State tertiary institutions. The descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population of the study was 1200 lecturers. The sample of the study stood at 312 using stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire titled “Performance-Based Funding, Resource Allocation and ODL Quality Scale (PBFR-ODL)” which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.87 using Cronbach’s Alpha. Descriptive statistics were used to answer the research questions, while multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 significant level. Findings revealed that performance-based funding mechanisms were poorly implemented, and existing resource allocation models were inadequate for supporting ODL activities such as ICT infrastructure, staff training, and digital content development. Regression results showed that performance-based funding and resource allocation significantly influenced ODL quality (R = .720, R² = .518, p < .05), with resource allocation exerting a stronger predictive influence. The study concludes that the absence of structured funding and resource frameworks undermines ODL sustainability and quality. The study recommends among others that tertiary institutions should adopt comprehensive performance-based funding systems and ODL-specific resource allocation models to enhance programme effectiveness.